折射儀:
WYA-2W,WYA,2WAJ,WYA-2S,WYA-1S,WSL-2,WGG-60,MASTER-H100,MASTER-10M, MASTER-20M,MASTER-20T,HSR-500,R-5000,N-3000E,S-10E,S-28E,S/MILL-E,DR6000, DR6000-T,DR6100,DR6100-T,DR201-95,DR201+95OE,DR301-95,AR2008,AR4,AR4D,HR10,HR181,HRKL32,HRN20,HRN32,HRT32,HRN62,HRT62,HRN82,HR92,HRN30NEW,HR900,HR901,HR27-100,HRS16,HR146,HRM18,HRMT18,HRO32,HROT32,HRKFZ1,HR25-800,WAY-A,WYV-V, WYL-4, WYL-3, WGT-B,
儀器結構
折射儀主要由高折射率棱鏡(鉛玻璃或合成立方氧化鋯)、棱鏡反射鏡、透鏡、標尺(內標尺或外標尺)和目鏡等組成。
工作原理
折射儀的工作原理是建立在全內反射的基礎上。該儀器是測量寶石的臨界角,并將讀數直接轉換成折射率值。
產生全反射的條件:
1.折射儀的高折射率棱鏡必須為光密介質
2.待測寶石為光疏介質
3.接觸液使棱鏡與待測寶石之間形成良好的光學接觸
操作要
1. 接通電源、打開儀器
2. 用酒精清洗寶石和棱鏡
3. 在折射儀棱鏡上點一滴接觸液(直徑約2mm為宜),使用鈉光照明,可見油的陰影邊界
4. 寶石大的臺面放入棱鏡上,浸油使寶石和棱鏡之間形成良好的光學接觸
5. 眼睛靠近目鏡可觀察陰影區和明亮區并讀數,讀數保留小數點第三位
6. 按順序轉動寶石360°,經驗豐富者可轉動寶石0°、45°、90°進行觀察和讀數
7. 測試完畢,將寶石輕推至金屬臺上,取下寶石
8. 清洗寶石和棱鏡
主要用途
1.鑒定寶石,可測定RI1.35-1.81之間寶石的折射率值
2.可測定寶石的雙折射率(DR)
3.確定寶石的軸性,如一軸晶、二軸晶和各向同性(等軸晶系、非晶質)
4.確定寶石的光性符號,如各向異性寶石的正光性和負光性
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